Naturally curved rams horn (Photo mine) |
פרי מגדים - משבצות זהב (או"ח סי' תקפ"ו ס"ק א'): דכפוף לכתחלה בעינן דוקא כפוף, הא של איל רק מצוה ממובחר, וא"כ שאר מינין כפוף ואיל פשוט, אם אירע כן, או כפוף שעשאם פשוט, יותר מצוה וצריך שאר מינין
"Ideally one requires [a] curved [shofar]. However, [using a shofar] from a ram is Mitvah min hamuvchar. And therefore, [if faced with a choice between] a different species but curved, versus a straight ram's horn, if it so happened [i.e. that one found a ram's horn that is naturally straight], or if [the ram's horn] was [naturally] curved and they made it straight, it's a greater mitzvah [with the curved horn] and one would need to choose the other species"
This is also the opinion of R' Yaakov Ettlinger in his commentary to Maseches Rosh Hashanah:
ערוך לנר מסכת ראש השנה דף כו עמוד ב
בתוס' ד"ה של יעל. וכדאמר ר' אבהו. אין להקשות דתרתי טעמי ל"ל משום דכייף טפי מעלי ומשום זכירת עקידת יצחק. דיש לומר דאי משום זכירת עקדת יצחק הוי אמינא דגם אם עשה השופר של איל פשוט ע"י מים חמין שפיר דמי ואי משום דכייף לחוד גם של חיה או של תיש כפוף הוא לכן צריך תרי טעמי:
It seems to me that according to R' Saadya Gaon, it is in fact prohibited to straighten out the shofar, whereas the Pri Megadim and Aruch L'Ner seem to be of the opinion that it is a preference not to straighten the shofar through heating it, but strictly speaking it is not forbidden.
R' Moshe Sternbuch calls it a hiddur to use such a shofar that has its natural curve and was not straightened out in the process. (Moadim U'Zmanim Vol. 8, Hosafos to Vol.1)
So what is the process used to drill a shofar while retaining the original curve? R' Ari Zivotofsky cites the process that was recounted to him by a student of R' Yosef Kapach (RJJ Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society LIII 'Yemenite Shofar: Ideal for the Mitzvah?'). In Yemen they would "drill" through the curvature of the shofar by using a flexible piece of metal heated red hot. An alternative method is to cut of a portion of the horn to find a mostly straight portion of the shofar and drill from there. The advantage of the method employed in Yemen is there is no need to cut off a large portion of the shofar. I am not sure which process was used to produce mine.
So, while I certainly do not think that it is a requirement to chase down a naturally curved ram's horn to fulfill the mitzvah of shofar on Rosh Hashana, I enjoyed the mystery of tracking one down and am excited to use it in a couple of months from now.
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For additional reading, see R' Ari Zivotofsky's article in RJJ Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society LIII 'Yemenite Shofar: Ideal for the Mitzvah? and R' Natan Slifkin's monograph 'Exotic Shofars' available online here, without which I would not have known found the Aruch L'Ner and Siddur Rav Saadya Gaon.